Climate change 101: Everything you need to know
Written by Yuv Sungkur
Climate change is undoubtedly one of the most pressing challenges of our time. Its far-reaching impacts affect every corner of the globe, and the urgency to address it has never been greater. In this short blog article, we will try to decipher the term, and explain the basics behind what climate change is
Greta Thunberg's activism has resonated across the globe, transcending borders, cultures, and languages. Her speeches, protests, and engagements have drawn the attention of world leaders, media, and the public, elevating the urgency of climate change on the international agenda.
What is climate change, anyway?
In simple terms, climate change refers to long-term alterations in the Earth's climate patterns. These changes encompass shifts in temperature, precipitation, wind patterns, and more, extending over extended periods, typically decades to centuries. While some degree of climate variation is natural, the current changes we witness are predominantly driven by human activities.
These natural changing patterns keep the Earth warm enough to support life. However, human activities, like burning fossil fuels for energy, deforestation, and industrial practices resulting in pollution, have significantly intensified the greenhouse effect. A term widely used to refer to climate change is anthropogenic climate change, or human-induced climate change.
Carbon dioxide levels over the last 400,000 years have stayed below 300 ppm and skyrocketed from 1950's to present.
The culprits: greenhouse gases
The result? Global warming, the gradual rise in the Earth's average temperature, which has severe consequences for our environment and ecosystems.
What causes global warming are greenhous gas emissions'. Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) are the primary culprits. These gases trap heat in the atmosphere, leading to an increase in global temperatures.
Fossil fuel combustion in transportation and energy production is the largest source of CO2 emissions, while agriculture and landfills are major contributors of methane and nitrous oxide.
Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is assessed by calculating the parts per million (ppm). In 2022, the global average atmospheric carbon dioxide was 417.06 parts per million (“ppm” for short) setting a new record high. Sadly, in May 2023, and according to NOAA carbon dioxide hit 424 ppm—a new record.
Ever since the 1960s, the CO2 ppm level has been constantly rising - proving that our current efforts to reduce GHG, and revert climate change are simply not enough.
A global issue that unfairly impacts the most marginalized
The consequences of climate change are profound and wide-ranging. Sea levels rise as polar ice caps and glaciers melt, threatening coastal communities and island nations. Extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, droughts, and floods, have become more frequent and severe, wreaking havoc on lives and livelihoods. Ecosystems and biodiversity face disruption, jeopardizing countless plant and animal species. Agriculture and food security are threatened as changing climates affect crop yields and water availability.
While those most responsible for climate change are relatively insulated from its impacts, those who have contributed least are likely to feel the effects most significantly. Today, hundreds of millions suffer from an issue they did not ask for.
Nothing will change until we work collaboratively
Addressing climate change is a collective responsibility that demands action from everyone, and at every scale. Whether individuals, governments, businesses, or civil society, climate change will not be resolved without your support. Every small step towards reducing emissions, conserving resources, and promoting sustainability matters. Advocating for stronger climate policies, supporting renewable energy, and fostering environmental awareness are crucial in building a more resilient and sustainable world. We must unite in the pursuit of solutions.
